As a mechatronic product, CNC lathe integrates many modern technologies in practical applications, which helps to improve the efficiency and accuracy of processing production. In the process of parts processing of ordinary lathes, the operator needs to combine the construction drawings to change the movement trajectory of the workpiece. The new era puts forward higher requirements for the processing of the workpiece. In CNC lathe processing parts, it is necessary to fully grasp the process parameters and processing flow, compile the processing flow through CNC language, and issue instructions to the servo system to realize the automatic processing and manufacturing of parts.

Influencing factors of CNC lathe machining accuracy

During the machining process of CNC lathes, there are various influencing factors, and the servo control method and precision will greatly affect the machining accuracy of CNC lathes, and lay a potential safety hazard for subsequent parts processing. As far as the machining accuracy of CNC lathes is concerned, the influencing factors mainly include the following aspects:

• The geometric error of the lathe;
• The geometric parameter error of turning tool;
• Thermal deformation error of lathe;
• Servo feed system error;
• Tool wear error.

As far as these factors affecting the machining accuracy of lathes are concerned, the error of the servo feed system and the error of the geometric parameters of the turning tool are common factors, which affect the machining quality of the parts to a certain extent. In the current CNC lathe processing in my country, the machining position is mainly controlled by the servo motor driving the ball screw, and the transmission error of the ball screw is one of the main factors affecting the positioning accuracy of the CNC lathe. Looking at the current status of CNC lathes in my country, it is mainly based on closed-loop control systems. In actual operation, if the servo motor lead screw moves in the opposite direction, it will not only affect the machining accuracy of the parts, but also cause the CNC lathe to idling due to the appearance of gaps, and this error is difficult to avoid. Affected by external forces, elastic deformation of moving parts may occur, which aggravates the severity of the error problem of CNC lathes, and cannot effectively control the machining accuracy of CNC lathes.

CNC lathe in the part processing, the turning tool cuts the part in the preset motion trajectory. Due to the off-angle and arc radius of the turning tool, there will be a certain dimensional deviation when machining parts, and the axial dimensional change increases with the increase of the arc radius. Therefore, in the processing of parts, the change of the axial displacement length depends on the adjustment of the axial dimension. In the machining of CNC lathes, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the axial dimension and displacement length, and optimize the preparation of the machining process. It should be noted that the high parameters of tool nose distance, arc radius and part center will directly affect the machining accuracy of the part, and the service life of the CNC lathe also depends on the grasp of these parameters, and its importance is self-evident.

Conclusion

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